Necessary Evil for Men vs. Sexual Exploitation of Women :: social issues

Necessary Evil for Men vs. Sexual Exploitation of Women Abuse – transitive verb 1: to put to a wrong or improper use; 2: obsolete (deceive); 3: to use so as to injure or damage (maltreat); 4: to attack in words (revile). noun 1: a corrupt practice or custom; 2: improper or excessive use or treatment (misuse); a deceitful act (deception); 4: language that condemns or vilifies usually unjustly, intemperately, and angrily; 5: physical maltreatment. Abuse, in any and all of its forms, is something many Korean women and girls deal with every day. In 2002, a survey done by the Korean Institute of Criminology, the number of sex purchases in Korea equaled to 4.4 of the countries GDP (Gross Domestic Product), almost the same as agriculture, forestry, and fishing industries combined. The survey also showed that there were at least 33,000 women working in prostitution. 8% of women working in Korea in their twenties and thirties were prostitutes. Also, a survey done by the Korea Women’s Hot Line showed that 42.6% of Korean men have purchased sexual service when having a drink. 12.9% of men said that they have bought sex when on business. 41.3% of all Koreans did not know that prostitution was illegal in Korea. Despite these outrageous numbers, prostitution has been illegal in Korea since 1961. A common place that prostitution takes place in is Miari Texas Village (Also known as Miari Texas, Texas Village, Texas Miari, or just plain Miari.) an area in north-eastern Seoul, with over 250 prostitution houses. In these houses, liquor and food are served in the front and in the back, sex services take place in the back rooms. On average, a woman will see five to ten men a night. The women usually get paid 1.5 million won ($1, 340.00) monthly, along with 1,500 won ($14.00) for each client they see. One very disturbing thing about Miari Texas is that 30% of about 1,000 prostitutes are under the age of eighteen. Even though prostitution is illegal, it is tolerated, if the women are over eighteen. Many of the young prostitutes in Miari Texas are runaways who feel they have nothing more to lose. The first prostitution house (brothel) was established in the 1920’s when Korean women were taken as sex slaves by the Japanese military during the Japanese occupation of Korea (1910 – 1945). After the Korean war ended in 1953, the large American military presence led to the building of â€Å"camp town prostitution† for the U.

After Many a Summer Dies the Swan by Aldous Huxley

Aldous Huxley was an English fiction and non-fiction writer, novelist and critic. Besides novels he published travel books, histories, poems, plays, and essays on philosophy, arts, sociology, religion and morÄ ls He was a humanist, pacifist and satirist. He was interested in spiritual subjects as parapsychology and philosophical mysticism. His lifelong preoccupation with the negative and positive impacts of science and technology life makes him one of the representative writers and intellectuals of the 20th-century. Aldous Leonard Huxley was born on 26 of July in 1894, in Godalming, Surrey, England. His family was a part of English intellectual elite.Aldous’ grandfather was the great biologist, agnostic and controversialist Thomas Henry Huxley, who helped develop the theory of evolution. His mother was sister of Mrs. Humphrey Ward, the novelist and niece of Matthew Arnold, the poet. He had three brothers, two of them – Julian Huxley and Andrew Huxley were outstanding biologists. His third brother Noel Trevelyan Huxley committed suicide after a period of clinical depression. Huxley’s heritage and upbringing had an effect on his work. He attended Hillside school, after that he was educated at Eton College, Berkshire, and after his eyesight recovered (he had keratitis punctata which left him practically blind for two years, but it also saved him from participation in the World War I), he was able to study English literature at Balliol College, Oxford.Already then he entered the literary world while he was at Oxford, meeting writers like Lytton Strachey and Bertrand Russell and becoming close friends with D. H. Lawrence After graduation he was financially indebted to his father, that’s why he became a French teacher, but he couldn’t keep discipline. He worked also at Air Ministry and Brunner and Mond chemical plant in Billingham. In 1920-21 he worked as a drama critic for Westminster Gazette and an assistant at the Chelsea Book Club and the Condà © Nast Publications. He married Maria Nys in 1919.Their only child, Matthew Huxley, was born in 1920. The family divided their time between London and Europe, mostly Italy and France, in the 1920s, and traveled around the world in 1925 and 1926, seeing India and making a first visit to the United States. He moved in 1937 with the guru-figure Gerald Heard to the United  States, believing that the Californian climate would help his eyesight, which caused him problems all the time. A year later he with his family moved to Hollywood, where he became a screenwriter (among his films were also adaptations of Jane Austen and Pride and Prejudice).In the 1950s Huxley became famous for his interest in psychedelic or mind-expanding drugs like mescaline and LSD, which he apparently took a dozen times over ten years. In 1955died his wife Maria Huxley, and a year later hemarried Laura Archera. He died November 22, 1963, the same day that President John F. Kennedy was assassin ated. He was cremated, and his ashes were buried in his parents' grave in England. In 1961 he suffered a severe loss when his house and his papers were totally destroyed in a bush-fire. On his deathbed, unable to speak, Huxley made a written request to his wife Laura for â€Å"LSD, 100  µg, intramuscular†. Huxley died aged 69, on 22 of November, in 1963.Media coverage of Huxley's passing was overshadowed by the assassination of President John F. Kennedy and the death of the British author C. S. Lewis, alln on the same day. Huxley's ashes were interred in the family grave at the Watts Cemetery, home of the Watts Mortuary Chapel in Compton, England. Aldous Huxley produced 47 books in his long career as a writer. His most famous novels are Brand New World, Eyeless in Gaza, Ape and Essence, Island and After Many a Summer dies the Swan.The English critic Anthony Burgess has said that he equipped the novel with a brain. Other critics objected that he was a better essayist than no velist precisely because he cared more about his ideas than about plot or characters, and his novels' ideas often get in the way of the story.Novel After Many a Smmer Dies the Swan was written in 1939. Aldous had lived and worked in California for a year, so this satirical novel caricatures what he had seen as a strange life there. The novel won Huxley that year's James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction. In 1959 the American Academy of Arts and Letters gave him the Award of Merit for the Novel, a prize given every five years; earlier recipients had been Ernest Hemingway, Thomas Mann, and Theodore Dreiser. I need to confess, that I had never heard of this author and his novel before. In search of it, I decided that I want to read a work in original languageband because it is also a language course, I wanted to find something in English, that I haven’t heard about, that I don’t have an opinion about. Something that can challenge me.In spite that this author’s most famous novel is Brand New  World, I chosed After Many a Summer Dies the Swan, because this title intrigued me. I must say, that I don’t feel disappointed after reading this novel and I found very much quotations which made me to THINK more about THINGS. The action in this novel revolves around characters which are brought together by a Hollywood millionaire Jo Stoyte, who is in his sixities, after strokes and conscious of his mortality. In order to keep an eye on him and cure him, he has hired Dr. Sigmund Obispo, which is interested in researching the secrets of longlivity and no idications of obsolescence in animals, and his assistant Peter Boone.Mr. Stoyte is supporting Dr. Obispos’ research. Mr. Jeremy Pordage is an English archivist and literature expert, who is brought by Mr. Stoyte from England in order to archive a rare collection of books. Mr. Pordage's presence highlights Mr. Stoyte's shallow attitude towards the precious works of art, that he can affor d himself. Virginia Mounciple is Mr. Stoyte’s twenty-two year old mistress, who gives pleasure to the old man, secretly likes Dr. Obispo, and who’s young assistant Peter is in love with. Mr. Propter is Jo Stoyte’s neighbour, who is only one of the characters who achieves success and happiness, without upsetting anyone ar creating evil. All these characters have different life philosophies.Dr. Obispo places great faith in science and medicine as saviours of humankind. He sees everyone as a stepping stone to science, the greater good. According to Propter's philosophy, he is trapped in ego-based â€Å"human† behaviour that prevents him from reaching enlightenment. Dr. Obispo seduces Virginia in a characteristically egotistical way. She is unable to resist him despite her loyalty to Mr. Stoyte. When she is found out by Stoyte, he wants to kill Dr. Obispo, but accidentally kills Peter instead. Dr. Obispo covers up the act for money and continued research supp ort. This takes him, along with Virginia and Stoyte, to Europe, where they find an immortal human, the Fifth Earl of Gonister, who is 200 years old and still alive, but who now resembles an ape.Mr. Stoyte can not grasp that transcendence or goodness should be one's ultimate goal, rather than prevention of death, and expresses his wish to undergo treatment so that he too will live forever. The story works scientific knowledge into a more traditional form of narrative. The evolutionary principle of neoteny has been invoked to explain the origin of human characteristics from ape ancestors. The storyline suggests that, if we lived  longer, we would continue to develop along the path of an ape and eventually become ape-like.The story has been interpreted as the British Huxley's contemptuous nod to the Hearstian reality of the United States in the early part of the twentieth century: Jo Stoyte is an allegory for William Randolph Hearst by his acquisitions of art and living in an opulent estate – similar to Hearst Castle – with Virginia, who can be taken as a parody of Marion Davies. This novel has been adapted in theatre, cinema and radio. NBC University Theater radio made adaptation on 12 of December in 1948, starring Paul Henry and Alan Hale, Sr., with intermission commentary by Norman Cousins. In 1967 UK released 45- minute T movie – After Many a Summer, directed by Douglas Camfield.It’s story tells about an American millionaire who is searching for a magic potion, that will grant him eternal life. In early 2000 the Baryshnikov Dance Foundation commissioned a 35-minute dance for the White Oak Dance Project called After Many a Summer Dies the Swan. The book is mentioned in the novella and film A Single Man (2009), when George Falconer (Colin Firth) who is an English professor, one year after the sudden death of his boyfriend, who is unable to cope with his typical days in 1960s Los Angeles, takes an empty pistol and some notes alongsi de with this book in his briefcase.I must say, that reading this novel was difficult, because of author’s use of words, that are not acquainted in these days and special scholastic terminology, and because of that, I have feeling that I haven’t truly understood everything, but I suppose that it is normal, because I am only studying and I don’t have responsibility to know everything. In novel, there were a lot of philosophical and psychic thoughts and ideas, so I chosed the most interesting and inspiring quotes for me, which all not reveals central plot of novel or main characters perception of life, but speaks about faith and philosophy, about life and death, about good and evil, about men nature and also biology. So now I will start to pull my favourite quotes out of the story.†Potential evil is in time; potential good isn't. The longer you live, the more evil you automatically come into contact with. Nobody comes automatically into contact with good. Men don't find more good by merely existing longer.† Men have always wanted to live longer then they are supposed to, but it mostly isn’t because they want to fulfil their life with compassion and generosity to others, to those, who need help, or to gain more knowledge. All they mostly want to achieve is only their own, well, maybe sometimes also their families, goodness and wealthiness. Most of men only thinks of self-interest, but are they really inteded just for it.There must be something more for them (and us) in this life. All our life we are busy to make our plans and dreams to come true, and when our time has almost come to an end, we want to life longer to do something good. But why now, why we haven’t thought of it earlier? Because we didn’t have time. But I must say, it is so lame argument. Time was all around us, but we didn’t spend it concerning about and doing things that really matters. So, if you can extend your time, it doesn’t m ean that you will know how to spend it and find good. Time is evil, because it is slowly and consistently killing us.†Why do we fall when we jump out of a tenth-story window? Because the nature of things happens to be such that we do fall.† I really liked this quote. It is so simple and obvious fact, but I have never thought of it, because it just happens so. This first sentence really sounds to me like wordplay. Why do we fall when we jump? Some will say it is because of gravity, and there is nothing we can do about it. It is science. But maybe we are not created to do and desire whatever we want. †Jumping† or reaching for something we want, but don’t need to get, achieve or gain is †falling† or maybe even salvation from it.Our misfortune is that we don’t always stop after †fall†, but instead we get back on that windowsill, despite our scars and bruises,and start looking down, searching for someone to catch us or somethi ng we can land on. This, in my opinion, is human nature. We don’t want to give up (ofcourse there are a loto f people who do give up, but that is already another story), we are stubborn, we know nature of things, but we are sure of that we can experiment and try to change it. † Why should some animals live much longer than human beings and yet show no signs of old age.Somehow, somewhere we had made a biological mistake.† This thought sound very interesting. We are cold the crown of nature, of all beings, but why is then do we live shorter lives than those, who are supposed to be below us . We are smarter, wiser, simply better than animals. Why don’t we live longer, for instance, why could not we day at age of 200? And again – time is evil.It will last longer, but it will kill us anyway. And if we really, even obligatory, must life that long and become ape-likes, do we really want that? Would we like to become as Jo Stoyte, who doesn’t care abo ut anything at all? I won’t. I think I would rather commit suicide, than become an animal. But question is – what went wrong in our development? Who made the mistake? I can’t explain why it is so, but I believe that it must be this way. We come into the world, we live and we die, and there is nothing wrong with it. It is nature of life. We are humans, we don’t need eternal life. We are smart and capable, buti f we could have more time, I think we won’t have any normal idea what to do with it. I believe that our world is breaking apart, there are too much bad things, catastrophes, cold-blooded people, who are willing to do everything to make moore good for themselves.I would not like to live too long to witness all that what is going to happen and what we don’t know a thing about. †If you're always scared of dying, you'll surely die. Fear's a poison; and not such a slow poison either.† This spoke to me too and it is connected with previous quotes and my thoughts. I don’t really know statistics, but I think there are nearly equal amount of people who are scared of dying and who are not. I can include me in this not scared part. Why should I be scared? I know, I will die, sooner or later. I don’t believe in any predictions, but once I filled test with title – „When you will die?†. If it is true, it will happen on 16 of January, in 2016.So, it seems that I will be able to finish my studies and maybe even work for and half a year, and then †¦ That’s it! I am gone, and how? In a car accident. But thank goodness, I don’t have a drivers licence. I think it is obvious, that I am making fun of this. I don’t believe I will day at age of 26. But if I will, I am not scared of it. I almost like my life, it isn’t bad, but it always could be better, and if it becomes better untill 2016, then death – bring it on! I don’t have self-destructive in clination. I am living here and now and I am suggesting others to do the same. Don’t do stupid things and play with your destiny, but use our days, make them worth it. Thinking of dying will kill much faster.Don’t be afraid of death, if it smells your fear, it will track you down and kill you more painfully. There were a lot of nice quotations, but because of the page limit (and if there won’t be any, I would need much more to write everything I would like), I will only write some of them down without discussing. †The real conditions at any  given moment are the subjective conditions of the people then alive†. On the human level. men live in ignorance, craving and fear. Ignorance, craving and fear result in some temporary pleasures, in many lasting miseries, in final frustration. †What is man? A nothingness surrounded by God, indigent and capable of God, filled with God, if he so desires.†In conclusion I can say, that I was interested i n these philosophical and eternal thoughts, proposed by the author. They are meaningful, they make me think and I consider that the greatest credit of studying.

Leisure and the roman villa Free Essay Example, 2000 words

Aristotle (1984) treats happiness as the ultimate goal of life, since good life cannot be limited to reason and knowledge. A good life is that in which individuals understand every situation, choose the right activity for the right place, and do it in right way to achieve the desired feeling (Aristotle 1984). Aristotle (1984) believes that work limits individual opportunities to achieve happiness, and leisure can compensate for the lack of happiness and self-fulfillment. According to Aristotle (1984), leisure benefits everyone, since it enables individuals to take and make the best of themselves. In Politics, Aristotle writes that the citizens of Athens must be educated and prepared to spend their lives in noble pleasure (Hunnicutt 1990). Eventually, the entire human happiness depends on leisure (Aristotle 1984). It is no wonder that Aristotelian ideas about leisure inspired Ancient Romans, especially wealthy ones, to spend their lives in affluence and entertainment. Leisure was considered an essential ingredient of daily lives among wealthy, which did not merely entertain but expanded wealthy Romans’ mental and emotional potential (Pike & Price 2008). The wealthier the Roman was the more opportunities he had to devote himself to leisure activities. We will write a custom essay sample on Leisure and the roman villa or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Only the wealthiest could afford building villas, which exemplified a foundational element of leisure in Ancient Rome. The importance of leisure, within and beyond the Roman Villas, was further supported by Epicurus, who treated leisure as a means to reduce the stress of urban life and release body and mind from anxiety (Pike & Price 2008). It is noteworthy that not all leisure activities bring happiness and self-satisfaction. Aristotle (1984) claims that only virtuous life and leisure activities designed to exercise virtue can bring real happiness. In this sense, the Roman Villa was clearly an example of leisure, which was virtuous by nature and brought pleasure and satisfaction into the lives of wealthy Romans. The Roman Villa: A Retreat from the Stresses of Urban Life Why discuss the Roman Villa? The answer is simple: the Roman Villa is a complex philosophic intersection between leisure space and leisure time (Toner 1995). Leisure space (villas) and leisure time (activities) do not automatically co-exist (Toner 1995). Rather, it is through the actions of people that the relationship between leisure time and leisure space is created, improved, and remade (Toner 1995). Leisure space and leisure time can create a serious conflict; however, the Roman Villa enabled wealthy citizens to achieve and maintain the state of harmony between the place, time, and leisure activities, so popular and accepted throughout Ancient Rome.

Essay about The Consequences of Excessive Government...

The fact that there are areas in which government is needed cannot be denied. The state collecting taxes for the provision of things such as roads, bridges, police departments, fire departments, or even a safety net for those that fall on hard times, as long as it is well regulated are all reasonable uses. I will also not deny that there are areas where central government intervention is needed. Regulation to prevent monopolies, ensuring segregation of public schools and facilities, and protection of rights, to name a few, are perfectly acceptable functions of central government. Big government is not the answer, it is actually a big part of the problem, especially when meddling with the economy. In this paper, I am going to dispute†¦show more content†¦(Cowan, 1985). The economy didnt actually turn around until Ludwig Erhard, German Economic Director, introduced monetary reform and abolished all of the ACC economic controls (Cowan, 1985). Monthly production skyrocketed to highs not seen even after Marshall plan aid started to arrive(Cowan, 1985). Doug Bandow, senior fellow at the Cato institute, echoes Cowans study by pointing out that the European economy that performed the worst, Great Britain, actually received the most Marshall Plan aid (Bandow, 1997). Madrick also points to LBJs Great Society, and FDRs new deal as big government successes (McKenna Feingold, 2012). There are many economists that can point to facts showing the New Deal actually prolonged the Great Depression. LBJs war on poverty has not decreased poverty. When the war on poverty was enacted the poverty level was at 6%, today the poverty level, according to the 2010 census, is at 14% (CNN Money, 2010). If government intervention in the economy is indeed a good thing, perhaps Mr. Madrick can explain why poverty has increased since the enactment of the Great Society? Madrick believes laws that call for higher wages and aid in unionization are good for the economy (McKenna Feing old, 2012). TheShow MoreRelatedGlobal Forces and the Western European Brewing Industry1252 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this briefing paper is to analyse the data given from the case study to determine the impact and consequences global forces have, by using the PESTEL framework. This framework is used to help form a strategic analysis of the macro-environment; the outside factors beyond the control of a company. It categorises the environmental influences into six groups: political, economical, socio-cultural, technological, environmental and legal; making up the acronym PESTEL. Read MoreEssay on Government Corruption1158 Words   |  5 Pagesacademics and policymakers. There are a number of reasons why this topic has come under recent inspection. Corruption scandals have toppled governments in both major industrial countries and developing countries. 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Online Education Is The Most Powerful Weapon Essay

Online vs. Lectures Nelson Mandela once said: â€Å"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.† Schools across the country, have found their way to help millennial’s graduate college faster. By allowing those students with the busy lives to take online schooling as an alternative, rather than to go to school and taking the lectured course. Online schooling has yet to be proven effective. It causes isolation from other students and professors, students having to teach themselves, anxiety, and not appreciating the in person lectured courses. Colleges should require students to take a test to see if they are ready for the pressures of a online course. Colleges should also require that students know where to find help for their classes, when needed. Therefore, colleges should also require students to take one course along with one lectured course. By having students go to one lectured and does, one online course there is a balance. 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Good practice for Managing Learning and Development in Groups Free Essays

â€Å"In group work the aim is not simply the transmission of content (the content focus) but the need to work with that content (the process focus). Students use and develop two sets of overlapping skills.† Staff and Education Development Unit, LSHTM It is important to encourage our students to learn in the groups. We will write a custom essay sample on Good practice for Managing Learning and Development in Groups or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are just some of the skills they can develop through the group work: †¢Thinking aloud – putting thoughts into words †¢Active learning – learning through action and reaction †¢Defending your position – the power of debate †¢Going deeper into the subject – creativity, originality and critical judgement †¢Professional skills – learning how to work productively with others †¢Learning how to learn – personal growth To summarise: To create current good practice for Managing Learning and Development in Groups , the first we need to understand the principles and practices of managing learning and development in groups: †¢strategies to manage group behavior and dynamics; †¢techniques which facilitate the delivery of learning and development in groups; †¢characteristics of group environments that foster learning and development, †¢risks to consider when managing learning and development in groups; †¢ways to involve learners in the management of their own learning and development in groups †¢barriers to management of individual learning in groups Then we need to create environments that are suitable for group learning and development. To do that, we need to consult with group members to adapt their learning and development environments to improve their learning outcomes. We need to use deferent motivational methods to engage the group and its individual members in the learning and development process. We need to facilitate communication, collaboration and learning between group members. We need manage the risks associated with group learning and development. We also need to use different methods and techniques to manage learning and development in groups: e.g.: Involve learners in agreeing group learning objectives; adapt and implement delivery methods, use activities and resources to meet the learning and development objectives of the group; manage group learning strategies and delivery methods to reflect changing requirements; provide individual advice to learners to assist their decision-making about future learning needs. We need minimize risks to safety, health, wellbeing and security of learners and comply with legal and organizational requirements: Support learners’ rights in relation to equality, diversity and inclusion, manage confidentiality in relation to learners and the organization, and maintain learning and development records in accordance with organizational procedures. But where are always some barriers we will face while teaching in the groups. These are some of the things my students say they dislike while learning in group: †¢A small group can easily be dominated by one person. Finding a way to channel student misbehaviour into something productive is your first line of attack. Students who misbehave have talents that school does little to bring out. Students who are ringleaders have leadership qualities that we’d be wise to nurture. We want them to use their talents for good instead of bad so we need to give them that opportunity. Sitting and being quiet is not appealing to a leader. E.g.: Then I’m presenting a slide show, every five minutes or so we’d need it to be quiet so that groups of students could hear me and the slideshow. I had one student who I knew was going to have a hard time being quiet. So I made him the engineer. He was the one who pushed the button to start the recording and pressing the next slide show. It was totally quiet in my room. Instead of allowing B.H. to be the guy who ruined our class projects by yapping, he became our trusted engineer. He felt good about it and the class appreciated him for it. Sometimes if students have a problem with talking in the classroom, you might arrange your seats in groups rather than isolated tables so that learning can be more social and project based. †¢When members of the group  wonders around the classroom. Teachers who have students who have trouble wandering around the room might make those kids the paper or door monitors so they have a reason to wander and wander with a purpose that’s productive for the classroom. †¢Students who say â€Å" I don’t care† Some students say they don’t care about missing out. I found it it is usually because they really do care. If it doesn’t bother students to miss out on your activities then your activities aren’t interesting for them, but because they are in my lesson because they chose to be that is usually not true. I try not to send students out of the room for misbehaving. A student often misbehaves because he’s bored†¦he then misbehaves†¦you send him away. Student got what he wanted. I try not to reward bad behaviour in this way. It diminishes your own power and gives another incentive to misbehave. As I stated earlier, I believe a good Classroom Management is the key to an environment where learning can take place and students can feel safe participating. I hope to create an environment that is conducive to learning and involves all my students. I believe the most important part of classroom management is not the behaviour problems but creating a good rapport with the students, encouraging them to succeed and setting high expectations for them. As well as using an engaging a curriculum, I believe you can create this environment and it will limit the behaviour problems in your classroom from the start. How to cite Good practice for Managing Learning and Development in Groups, Essays

Corruption in Philippines-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Write Your Business Menorandumrandum Decide if a menorandumramdum needs to be sent; in some situations it may be more efficient to just talk directly to the relevant party. Some information may be too sensitive to send out in a menorandum. Answer: MEMORANDUM TO: Gartner Corp. FROM: Luther Rex (Paralegal: Sirius Plc) CC: Arthur Wesley (Head: Sirius Plc) DATE: December 17, 2017 SUBJECT: Corruption in Philippines Corruption is something which includes dishonest or fraudulent conduct by such people who hold the power and includes the acts of bribery, adulteration of resources and falsification (Rose-Ackerman Palifka, 2016, p. 50). It is a very complex and a multi-dimensional issue, the ill-effects of which cross the borders. These particularly have a negative impact on the business and thus it becomes crucial that before a country is chosen as a target market, the status of corruption in such nation is analysed. The purpose of this memorandum is to educate the readers about the rampant corruption in Philippines which makes it as an unattractive target market. In Philippines, there is wide-spread and rampant corruption and the modes of indulging in such activities include bribery, embezzlement, graft, nepotism, patronage, and backdoor deals (You, 2014, 194). Due to the high levels of corruption, there is a restriction on the business which can be carried on in the nation. There is extensive bribery prevalent in public administration and the laws which have been drawn are vague and complex, which have resulted in the companies being vulnerable to be extorted and also manipulated by the public officials. There is a commonality of incidents like favouritism and undue influence in the courtrooms of the nation, as a result of which, the process of dispute resolution results becomes unfair and time consuming, and all these make the business environment very uncertain (GAN Integrity, 2017). The administration of Philippines presently is plagued with corruption and even the companies in the nation regularly engage in fraud when the export import documentation are filed. Even though the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act criminalizes the active and passive bribery, abuse of office, and conflict of interest, the same is still present. There is a prohibition upon giving gifts till the time the same is of a very minimalistic value with local customs. Though, the anti-corruption regulations fail big time in addressing the facilitation payment, plus there is a lack of criminalization of the private sector bribery. The legislative frameworks are scattered for the purpose of fighting corruption, and it is not enforced effectively owing to the non-cooperative and the puny law enforcement agencies (Quah, 2010, p. 10). Presently, the businesses work in a global environment and the occurrences of one nation do have an impact over the others. A very common example of prevalence of corruption in the nation, particularly in global context can be seen in the custom administration of the nation. This is because when the companies deal with the custom administration of the nation, they are likely to encounter incident of corruption. There have been indications by the companies regarding the bribes and payments being prevalent in procedures of export and import. A quarter of companies shave shown that it is expected from them to give gifts if they want to attain an import license. A survey conducted highlighted that the Bureau of Customs was the only receiving agency and it had bad ratings in the matter of its commitment to fight corruption. There is also a burden of import procedure where the most commonly cited factor of problem continues to be corruption at the border. The procedures in context of their efficiency and time predictability have attained very poor ratings. When compared to the average of the region, the costs of compliance in Philippines are quite high. The activities of smuggling are quite common and the Bureau incidents the smuggling of products like cigarettes, oil and vehicles in the nation, which has resulted in high tax evasions. There is also a commonality of under voicing the imports and exports, as a result of which, Philippines has to lose its billions in revenue each year (GAN Integrity, 2017). Philippines slipped further on the Annual Corruption Perceptions Index which is a proof of the failure of the government of the nation, even when different statutory frameworks have been adopted in the nation. The war on drugs has failed to have any impact over the prevalent corruption and the nation continues to slip in its global rankings due to the perceived level of corruption in its public sector. The poor performance is stated to be caused due to absence of proper oversight, unaccountable government, insecurity, and the shrinking space for civil society (Rappler, 2017). Another example which shows the problems which the businesses would have to face in context of presence of corruption in the nation is the high risk of corruption being faced in the nation when the businesses deal with tax administration. One in seven companies has indicated that they are expected to forward gifts to the tax officials in the meetings. The tax regulations have been cited as a problematic issue for undertaking business in the nation. It has also been indicated by the companies that only 1/5th of the businesses pay their taxes in an honest manner. There is a commonality of extortion and embezzlement as per the officials of Bureau of Internal Revenue. There is also a high corruption risk in the land administration. 2 out of 5 companies indicate that they have to give gifts for getting corruption permits (GAN Integrity, 2017). The police of the nation are also highly corrupt where the national police force is regarded as amongst the most corrupt institutions of the nation. The companies also need to take a note that the legal anti-corruption framework of the nation is poorly enforced, apart from being complicated, and this is coupled with the lack of corporation amongst the law enforcement agencies, with the officials being prosecuted or convicted in cases of corruption in a very rare scenario (GAN Integrity, 2017). Thus, before carrying on any sort of business with or in Philippines, and before finalizing the nation as the target market, the businesses should take note of the highly prevalent corruption practices. The advice to choose Philippines as a target market is thus not given. References GAN Integrity. (2017). The Philippines Corruption Report. Retrieved from: https://www.business-anti-corruption.com/country-profiles/the-philippines Quah, J. S. (2010). Curbing corruption in the Philippines: is this an impossible dream?.Philippine Journal of Public Administration,54(1-2), 1-43. Rappler. (2017). PH ranking in global corruption index worsens Retrieved from: https://www.rappler.com/move-ph/issues/corruption/159439-philippines-corruption-perceptions-index-2016-rank Rose-Ackerman, S., Palifka, B. J. (2016).Corruption and government: Causes, consequences, and reform. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. You, J. S. (2014). Land Reform, Inequality, and Corruption: A Comparative Historical Study of Korea, Taiwan, and the Philippines. SSRN Paper.